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Posted: Jun 27th, 2012 | |
GEDI chip sorts prostate cancer cells | |
(Nanowerk News) The future of prostate cancer therapy may lie in a tiny, "sticky" silicon chip dubbed GEDI (Geometrically Enhanced Differential Immunocapture, pronounced like the "Star Wars" forces of good) that can identify and collect cancer cells from a patient's bloodstream. | |
A team of researchers at Weill Cornell Medical College in New York City and Cornell's College of Engineering in Ithaca has built the chip into a device that captures an unprecedentedly high concentration of rare cancer cells from metastatic prostate cancer patients for a quick, noninvasive analysis to determine the efficacy of the patients' current chemotherapy. The ability to collect a relatively pure sample of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) may also enable research to better understand the biology of metastasis and develop new treatments, the researchers said. | |
The "sticky" square patch (middle) of the GEDI device contains the purest collection of circulating tumor cells in the blood. The rest of the blood cells are discarded in the capsule. | |
Their work is described in a paper in the April 2012 issue of the journal PLoS ONE ("Functional Characterization of Circulating Tumor Cells with a Prostate-Cancer-Specific Microfluidic Device"), and was announced in a press conference at Weill by Brian Kirby, associate professor of mechanical and aerospace engineering; David Nanus, M.D., the Mark W. Pasmantier Professor of Hematology and Oncology in Medicine; and Evi Giannakakou, associate professor of pharmacology. The team includes 12 other researchers from both campuses. | |
Metastatic cancer is cancer that has spread from the place where it first started -- in this case, the prostate -- to another place in the body, most commonly the lungs, bones and liver. Metastasis accounts for the majority of cancer-related deaths. | |
"We need to be able to match the drug to the patient and the tumor," said Nanus. But tumor cells habitually mutate and develop a resistance to a previously effective therapy. In the case of prostate cancer, three drugs are in common use, but the most effective one varies with the patient and the particular cancer. | |
Metastasis is believed to be caused by cells that detach from the primary prostate tumor, circulate in the bloodstream and seed new tumors. Extensive clinical research shows that a reliable CTC count is a strong predictor of overall survival in metastatic prostate cancer patients. However, since the incidence of CTCs can be very small -- one CTC per 100 million blood cells -- pure CTC capture is difficult. | |
"This really is a needle in a haystack," Kirby emphasized. | |
On the GEDI chip, blood flows through an array of posts just a few millionths of a meter in diameter, coated with antibodies that stick to cancer cells. Each row of posts is offset from the one before by a distance that causes the larger cancer cells to collide with them - and stick on - more often, while other cells in the blood flow smoothly past | |
Cell-capture devices now in use contain antibodies that bind to an antigen found on the surface of nearly all malignant prostate cancer cells. But these antibodies also bind to other cells in the bloodstream and can collect a highly impure sample. | |
On the GEDI chip, a milliliter (mL, one-thousandth of a liter) of blood is pumped through a nanoscale channel filled with tiny posts just a few microns (millionths of a meter) in diameter, coated with antibodies. Successive rows of posts are offset in a carefully calculated way so that only cells larger than 15 microns will collide with the posts and stick to them, while most smaller cells flow smoothly around them. | |
"Most cancer cells are bigger and more rigid than normal cells, so it's about tricking these cancer cells into colliding with the sticky walls," Kirby explained. | |
After the test the chip is removed from the device and the captured cells extracted for analysis. In an experiment with a blood sample containing 200 mL of CTCs and 5 billion blood cells, the device captured a whopping 170mL of CTCs and only 91mL of irrelevant blood cells. | |
The GEDI device is scheduled to go into clinical trial this year. Meanwhile, the researchers are actively working on detectors for breast, ovarian and pancreatic cancers. | |
The research is one of several joint Ithaca-New York City projects associated with the Cornell Center for Microenvironment and Metastasis, a $13 million National Institutes of Health-funded Physical Sciences-Oncology Center created to use physical techniques and processes to improve understanding and care of metastatic cancer in patients. |
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Source: http://www.nanowerk.com/news/newsid=25741.php
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High-doses of vitamin D supplements could keep prostate cancer cells from proliferating, revealed one recent study funded by the Canadian Cancer Society.
Dr. Reinhold Vieth and his colleagues orally administered 400, 10,000, and 40,000 IUs of vitamin D daily to 66 men due for radical prostatectomy, a surgical procedure that involves the removal of the prostate gland to keep prostate cancer from spreading. The result: those who swallowed 40,000 IUs of vitamin D everyday had the highest levels of calcitriol, a hormone whose anticancer potential has been recognized due to?anti-neoplastic or anti-tumor mechanism and its ability to initiate programmed killing of cancer cells?(apoptosis). Calcitriol?is known to lower Ki67 levels. Ki67 is a protein that indicates the severity of prostate cancer. The higher the Ki67 concentration, the more advanced a man?s prostate cancer is.
Calcitriol also lowers elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA)?levels and inhibits the mutation of androgen receptors (AR), two biomarkers of prostate cancer. The hormone also cuts off prostate tumors? blood supply, which keeps them from growing and spreading. But vitamin D doesn?t just jack up calcitriol levels. It also prevents prostate cancer cells from multiplying rapidly and metastasizing.
A Johns Hopkins report stated that there is a positive link between prostate cancer and vitamin D, and that men over 50 who have sub-optimal serum vitamin D levels are particularly more prone to it.?Due to certain health and geographical factors some men may be hard-pressed at producing natural vitamin D via sunlight exposure. ?Johns Hopkins said that this shouldn?t be a problem at all, given the wide availability of vitamin D supplements in the market.
Not only is vitamin D supplementation a potent chemopreventive intervention. It?s also safer than conventional prostate cancer treatments. Side effects of mainstream prostate cancer therapies such as radical prostatectomy, radiation therapy, and oral intake of hormone-blocking meds include increased likelihood to develop blood clots, sexual dysfunction, and embarrassing uro-genital problems such as urinary incontinence.
Vieth remarked that vitamin D appears to restore the body?s self-regulating function, something that disappears in out-of-control situations like cancer. Prostate cancer patients ?now have greater hope because of the benefits of vitamin D. ?Just don?t forget to do so under the supervision and guidance of a health professional who?s well-versed in all forms of prostate cancer treatment.
To learn more about Vitamin D, check out this post.
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The fine folks at Sirius XM just couldn't wait for Google I/O to kick off. Yesterday the satellite radio giant tipped off Reuters (not that it was the only one "spilling the beans," mind you), and today it's offering up even more information on its upcoming Google TV offering. The app, still slated for a broad 2012 release, will be available as a free download for US subscribers via the Google Play store. The list of features includes Start Now, which lets users listen to programming from up to five hours prior, pausing / fast forwarding / rewinding and Tune Start, which brings up the beginning of an already played song. Also on-board is the Show Finder, a program guide that lets subscribers set show alerts. The company will be demoing the product later this evening at I/O. In the meantime, check out the press release after the break.
Continue reading Sirius XM details GoogleTV app ahead of the I/O party
Sirius XM details GoogleTV app ahead of the I/O party originally appeared on Engadget on Wed, 27 Jun 2012 11:28:00 EDT. Please see our terms for use of feeds.
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Learning And Speaking Mandarin Or More Details about Learning And Speaking Mandarin Or here.
Chinese is a very ancient language which is made up of many different dialects. A Mandarin is in fact a bureaucrat or official and the Ancient Chinese were in fact the first to invent a bureaucracy. And what a bureaucracy it was! Stretching over the vastness of China they administered an entire country in the name of a largely closeted Emperor. They also developed a standardized language that became the standard across the entire bureaucracy and consequently across the nation. The scribes too developed a symbology and writing with what eventually amounted to 14,000 pictograms in use although an educated Chinese person will normally be perfectly conversant with about 4,000. However these need memorization.The Japanese way back sent their bureaucrats to China to study and brought the Chinese writing back with them. In typical Japanese fashion they adapted and simplified much of this writing to suit their language so invented a script of syllables with which to write the grammar, another to isolate imported words, and then cut down the number of pictograms to 1,945. However they strengthened the bureaucracy and so it remains to this day with the Ministries entrenched and able to stand up to the elected government.
In Britain the full time officials who manage the government departments are known as the Whitehall Mandarins. Similar to Japan they are pretty entrenched and administer the wishes of their elected officials but can stand up to and resist on occasion.
Anyway the bureaucratic language became known as Mandarin. There are numerous local dialects across the vast land of China but modern day Mandarin is the language spoken in Beijing. It is a high level language having a large vocabulary and relatively strict grammar butr it is the one language that must be spoken if one wants to get by in China.
Cantonese as spoken in Southern China and places like Hong Kong is in fact of secondary importance although there are a great many Cantonese speakers Mandarin is likely to be of most use should you wish to deal with Chinese officials.
Learning Mandarin is not going to be a 5 minute study. In fact to achieve a matriculation proficiency including reading and writing the pictograms a good few years of dedicated study. But this should not put you off. If you are likely to be staying in China for some time it will stand you in good stead to be able to start speaking and you will be awarded a great deal of kudos for making the effort.
There are mandarin courses in Hong Kong for expats for beginners right through to high level Mandarin and business speech. There are a range of schedules allowing you to study for 4 hours a day on a full time basis or for the business person who wishes to learn there is weekly or bi weekly mandarin class in Hong Kong that is held in the evening but covers the same syllabus.
The objective of each course and who should be eligible to attend is laid out in the website.
In order to speak Chinese one would have to attend mandarin courses in Hong Kong. There is mandarin class in Hong Kong for all levels of proficiency
Contact the Author
Acosta West
AcostavcsWest@gmail.com
More Details about Learning And Speaking Mandarin Or here.
Keywords: learn mandarin in hong kong, mandarin school in hong kong, mandarin classes in hong kong, mandarin lesson in hong kong, mandarin course in h
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ScienceDaily (June 26, 2012) ? Test performance can improve dramatically if students are offered rewards just before they are given standardized tests and if they receive the incentive immediately afterward, new research at the University of Chicago shows.
Educators have long debated the value of financial and other rewards as incentives, but a series of experiments in Chicago-area schools showed that with the right kind of rewards, students achievement improved by as much as six months beyond what would be expected.
The rewards apparently provide students with an incentive to take tests more seriously. One implication is that policymakers may underestimate students' ability in otherwise low-performing schools, according to the research team that conducted the experiments.
Researchers used financial rewards to boost performance for older students and non-financial rewards, such as trophies, to improve performance among younger students.
The prospect of losing a reward created a stronger desire to perform than the possibility of receiving a reward after a test, the research showed. Students who were given money or a trophy to look at while they tested performed better.
"Most importantly, all motivating power of the incentives vanishes when rewards are handed out with a delay," said lead author Sally Sadoff, a 2010 PhD graduate in economics, who did the research as a Griffin Postdoctoral Scholar at UChicago from 2010-11.
Sadoff, now an assistant professor at the University of California, San Diego, was part a team that conducted a series of experiments involving 7,000 students in the Chicago Public Schools as well as in elementary and high school districts in south-suburban Chicago Heights.
The team studied the impact of incentives on students taking relatively short, standardized diagnostic tests given three times a year to determine their grasp of mathematics and English skills. Unlike other tests on incentives, the students were not told ahead of time of the rewards so they could not study but rather demonstrated the impact of the rewards themselves on performance.
The research was reported in the paper, "The Behaviorist Goes to School: Leveraging Behavioral Economics to Improve Educational Performance," published by the National Bureau of Economic Research.
Sadoff was joined in her work by John List, the Homer J. Livingston Professor in Economics and one of the nation's leading scholars of experimental economics; Steven Levitt, the William B. Ogden Distinguished Service Professor in Economics at UChicago; and Susanne Neckermann, a scholar at the Center for European Economic Research in Germany.
The team found that elementary school students, who were given nonfinancial rewards, responded more to incentives than high schoolers. Those students were given trophies, as they have been found to be more responsive to non-monetary rewards than older students.
Among high school students, the amount of money involved in the incentive mattered. Students performed better if offered $20 rather than $10.
"At Bloom Township High School, when we offered students $20 incentives, we found that their scores were 0.12 to .20 standard deviation points (five to sixth months in improved performance) above what we would otherwise have predicted given their previous test scores," Sadoff said.
List pointed out that the results of the experiments challenged a conventional theory that giving students tangible rewards "crowds out intrinsic motivation, rendering such approaches ineffective in the short run and potentially detrimental in the long run."
The students tested had low initial motivation to do well, and thus benefited from the rewards, List said. He added that follow-up tests showed no negative impact on removing the rewards in successive tests.
The research helps teachers and school leaders better understand the role of rewards in school performance. Most rewards are delayed and involve a very distant horizon, such as the prospect of making a better salary as an adult as the result of better school performance, the team pointed out.
"The effect of timing of payoffs provides insights into the crux of the education problem that we face with our urban youth," the authors write. "Effort is far removed from the payout of rewards, making it difficult for students to connect them in a useful way. The failure to recognize this connection potentially leads to dramatic under-investment," as students fail to apply themselves and policymakers don't realize the students' full potential.
The research was supported by a grant from the Children First Fund, the Kenneth and Anne Griffin Foundation, the Rauner Family Foundation and the Spencer Foundation.
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We'd heard that the Lumia 800 and 710 were to get Windows Phone 7.5 sometime soon, but the time has officially arrived for these two to Tango. Today Nokia announced that the fresh code has already started rolling out, bringing hotspot and flip-to-silence functionality to the handsets. Plus, once you've updated via your Zune desktop software, access to the nifty Camera Extras software -- already promised to Lumia 900 owners -- is but a download away. As a refresher, those Extras allow Lumias to take Scalado-powered Smart Group Shots, provide a better burst mode for action pics, plus add a self-timer and panorama mode as well. Want to see the new camera features in action before taking the plunge? Check out the video after the break.
Continue reading Nokia Lumia 800 and 710 updated to Windows Phone 7.5, finally get to Tango
Nokia Lumia 800 and 710 updated to Windows Phone 7.5, finally get to Tango originally appeared on Engadget on Wed, 27 Jun 2012 18:56:00 EDT. Please see our terms for use of feeds.
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Loyola Marymount University has named Bryant Keith Alexander the new dean of the?College of Communication and Fine Arts.
Alexander was the interim dean of the College of Arts and Letters and acting chair of the Liberal Studies Department at?Cal State Los Angeles and is replacing?Barbara Busse, who served as the dean for a decade.
Prior to arriving at CSULA in 1998, Alexander worked at Minnesota State University Moorhead, Texas A&M?University?and Southern Illinois University Carbondale.?
?I am extremely excited about joining the College of Communication and Fine Arts as the new dean,? Alexander said in a statement. ?I look forward to working collaboratively with students, faculty and staff towards our joint academic, professional and personal goals as these align with the larger university mission and vision.?
Alexander starts his new?position?on July 1.
Price: $22,725 to $26,225
Competitors: VW GTI, VW Beetle Turbo, Mini Cooper S, Fiat 500 Abarth, Honda Civic Si
Powertrain: 1.6-liter turbocharged I-4; 201 hp, 195 lb-ft of torque
EPA Fuel Economy (city/hwy): 26/38
What's New: When the Hyundai Veloster coupe hit the streets last year, it showed up with crisp handling, a wild style, and a strange three-door (only one rear passenger door) design. But what about horsepower? The standard-issue Veloster sent just 138 hp to the front wheels. Even in a coupe that weighs between 2584 and 2813 pounds (depending on options), that just isn't enough. We nicknamed the car Captain Slow in a recent five-car comparison test because of its 9.8-second 0-to-60 time.
Hyundai fixed the power deficit with the new Veloster Turbo. For about $3500 over the cost of the ordinary dual-clutch transmission-equipped Veloster, you get a 63-hp bump in power and 72 additional lb-ft of torque, courtesy a new 1.6-liter turbocharged and direct-injected four-cylinder engine. A six-speed manual or a six-speed automatic ($1000 premium) comes paired to this new motor. The more sophisticated dual-clutch transmission that's optional in the regular Veloster might seem like a natural fit for a performance car, but Hyundai says it simply cannot handle the torque of the turbo.
The regular Veloster suspension package could handle the turbo's potency, however, Hyundai says, and so its engineers changed not a single spring or sway bar for use in the Turbo model. The Turbo's steering, though, is slightly quicker (13.9:1 vs 14.1:1) and the steering rack's tie rod ends connect to a new pair of steering knuckles on the front end to improve steering feel. The Hyundai team up-sized the front-brake rotors from 11 inches to 11.8 inches to slow down the new model. The standard Veloster's rear 10.3-inch discs carry over to the turbo.
On the outside, the Veloster Turbo wears more aggressive front and rear bodywork, as well as the obligatory performance ground-effects package. We like the projector headlamps with LEDs?and those two big round exhaust pipes. On the inside, Veloster Turbos have heated leather seats with "Turbo" script on the seatbacks, as well as contrasting color inserts and aluminum pedals. Push-button starting as well as a 450-watt audio system come standard, too.
Tech Tidbit: Hyundai's twin-scroll turbo is cast right into the exhaust manifold for better heat transfer, less turbo lag, and more rapid catalytic converter engagement, which leads to fewer emissions. Michael O'Brien, Hyundai's vice president of product planning and corporate planning, compares having twin-scrolls with having two gear ratios for the turbo. "There's maximum quick boost at low rpm, and maximum horsepower at high rpm," he says. "One volute [an air passage inside the turbo's housing] has a narrower cavity with a higher gas velocity and handles low-flow, high-turbine spool-up characteristics for instant boost at low rpm. The other volute has a larger cavity to provide high flow for high-rpm horsepower at the top of the power band." The upshot of all of this is a high compression ratio for efficiency and excellent low-end torque.
Driving Character: What a difference more power can make. The turbocharged 1.6-liter engine is like a shot of 5-Hour Energy for the Veloster. It is not a rifle shot of peak boost like some turbo engines?rather, the turbo gives this Hyundai diesel-like torque that pools in the basement (1750 rpm). In the naturally aspirated Veloster, we would shift like mad to keep the engine in the power band, but the Turbo's low-end torque provides enough thrust to minimize shifting gears on a twisty mountain road. In fact, the gear ratios in the manual transmission were optimized for this turbo engine. And it all works very well.
The automatic, borrowed from the Elantra, uses shift-point mapping when you select sport mode. We found that it kept the Veloster from upshifting when we didn't want it to. But the aggressive downshift intelligence of more sophisticated transmissions is missing here. But rest easy: There are paddle shifters for more persuasive manual control of that automatic. At 70 mph, the Veloster Turbo's automatic allows it to loaf along at just 2400 rpm, making the coupe a relaxing cruiser. And that relative lack of revs helps it deliver high-30s highway mpg?though perhaps not at 70 mph.
The suspension in the normally aspirated Veloster sometimes felt too stiff on rough roads. That problem appears to be lessened somewhat in the turbo. How can this be if they all use the same suspension, and the turbo has even lower-profile 18-inch wheels and tires? The only explanation we found is that the Veloster Turbo weighs 217 pounds more than the base car. Perhaps that additional weight has settled down the suspension. No matter what the reason, it's certainly an improvement. The steering feels much better than other Hyundai electric power-steering systems we've driven (Elantra, we're looking at you) with a natural buildup of effort. You can still sense the subtle effort and assist change when you wiggle the wheel ever so slightly back and forth as the electronics calculate how much boost to provide. But all this happens much deeper in the background.
Favorite Detail: Paint. Lamborghinis and other exotics have been using flat paints (and other crazy-expensive paint jobs) for years. But Hyundai is one of the first to deliver it on a car that costs less than $25,000. The color, Matte Grey, isn't cheap; it'll cost the Veloster Turbo buyer a cool $1000?the paint requires multiple passes through the paint booth. And those who opt for Matte Grey will receive special care instructions, because using wax on matte paint ruins the finish.
Driver's Grievance: The turbocharged engine could use a better soundtrack. Those two giant cannon exhaust tips should produce an incredibly raucous bass note. But they don't. In fact, you hear only a loud whoosh coming from the engine room when you plant the throttle, and that whoosh is backed by the rattlesnake-like tick, tick, tick sound of the direct fuel injectors. Hyundai Motor America CEO John Krafcik says, "You can spend a lot of money and weight to attempt to make that sound go away." The Veloster does have an underhood blanket to quiet the noise. But the far cheaper solution we'd prefer? Just crank up the sound of that exhaust and you'll never hear those injectors again.
The Bottom Line: The new turbo engine makes the Veloster a more finished package. This innovative three-door coupe now has the power to back up its aggressive styling. Hyundai is betting that at least 35 percent of Veloster buyers will opt for the turbo model, and that the turbo slice eventually could grow to 60 percent. We don't doubt it. With a base price under $23,000 and 38-mpg highway, the Veloster Turbo makes a compelling package.
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Captivating an audience has always been a trivial problem for business owners in the online world. There are countless ways to reach your target, but they each have their own hassles and investments required. Social media marketing finally provides a way for new or old companies to touch on a huge population via interesting and entertaining marketing options. This article will help you establish some of the important ideas and routines needed to accomplish that goal.
Don?t offer the consumer a plethora of options to take once they follow your info to your site. They should land on a well designed page that directs them to only one possibility. With increased options, they are more likely to become unsettled or overwhelmed, and leave. Take it slow and guide them without their full knowledge of your input.
If social media marketing is new to you, here is a tip to help you understand it better. Think of the social media sites as places in which you can create a picture and a voice for your business. Your posts represent the viewpoint of your company. Consider social media as the way to communicate who you are, what your product is and what value your product has for potential customers.
Remember that when you are using social media to market your business, you are communicating with people, not at them. The technology that people are using now and the way social media is designed is allowing your customers to communicate easier than ever before. You have to engage in this conversation and communicate with your customers in contrast to posting ad copy with a one-sided point of view.
If you are using your social media to advertise an existing business, especially one that is based online, make sure you include the link to your website. It is astonishing how many people don?t include a link to their own site. Getting those who find you to click over to your site is a great way to introduce them to all you have to offer.
You want to create an individual style on your social media profiles, but don?t become too engulfed in one that you neglect the rest. It is important to have a presence across the entire web, as compared to only a really strong base at one end or the other. Give each profile the time of day and utilize what makes them unique. This will drive in traffic from many more sources and refrain from drying up as quickly.
Your headline is crucial to a good post. Most social networks encourage you to keep your posts short, and if you were to post a long article, chances are no one would take the time to read it. Try posting a link to your article with a good headline that both grabs your readers? attention and explain what the article is about.
Use Facebook to run a special promotion or a competition. Everyone loves winning something, so your followers are sure to get involved. Whether you offer a free product, a special high-amount coupon or a big or small prize, it will get people more actively involved with your Facebook page. It also builds goodwill with your customer base.
If you are not sure what you should write about, create a poll. Your followers or friends can choose between several choices related to your industry, or they can add more suggestions by commenting on the polls. You could use these results and suggestions to post new, interesting content in the weeks following the poll.
Your marketing plan no longer has to consist of only boring articles or slow ads on the side of a page. Entertaining media can now be used to reach a huge audience in little time at all. The responsibility still falls on the business owner to supply great products or services, but with the tips offered above you can combine these elements into a magnificent company.
Beside writing about Social Media , Hermine Sourwine also gives advice about Keyword Canine? on her personal blogs. To find out more about Cbengine, visit www.kingwarrior.info
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Garmin is adding a new product to its line-up of fitness watches, and this one is dedicated to workouts of the aquatic variety. The $150 Garmin Swim tracks your distance swum, average pace, workout time and more, and it uploads those stats to the web to help monitor your progress. Though it's meant to be a part of your exercise routine, the Garmin Swim watch looks like your average plastic digi-timepiece. The watch has six buttons with functions for viewing the time of day, scrolling through the menu options, controlling the timer, viewing the menu and entering workout mode. The setup takes some getting used to, but the illustrative icons on the watch helped us get into the rhythm quickly.
Getting started with the Swim simply entails entering the size of your pool, with options to measure in yards or meters. Once that info is uploaded, you press the swim button and are ready to get splashing. We spent a solid half-hour doing laps, and the Swim duly recognized and recorded that we varied our strokes. Stopping the timer each time we took a break created a new interval for our workout, with a rundown of the elapsed time, distance in meters, number of strokes, type of stroke, total laps, average speed and calories burned. That's a lot of data to pore over, and Garmin lets you wirelessly upload it all to the Garmin Connect site. To do this, you have to pair the watch with your computer using a USB ANT stick: once it works, it's an efficient, easy way to review your workout, but it took us a few tries before our laptop recognized the watch. Garmin says the watch's battery will last a full year, which is plenty of time to log some serious laps. For more about the Swim, check out the press info past the break.
Continue reading Garmin Swim watch tracks your water workouts, we hit the pool (hands-on)
Garmin Swim watch tracks your water workouts, we hit the pool (hands-on) originally appeared on Engadget on Mon, 25 Jun 2012 07:00:00 EDT. Please see our terms for use of feeds.
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June 19, 2012
Mary M. Bretscher began building a successful women?s swimming and diving ?program from the ground up 37 years ago
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?Coming in to college, I always told myself I would take advantage of everything DePauw had to offer,? Katie E. Aldrich ?12 says.
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The list of International Airlines and the number of Ministers from Africa & the Indian Ocean Islands flying to Seychelles for the July Routes Africa Meeting is getting longer by the day.
The great news for Africa is that United Airline from the U.S.A. has now also registered to attend Routes Africa.
This is the first time a North American carrier has attended Routes Africa. The Routes Secretariat have confirmed that United Airline, the World?s largest carrier is sending their network planners from their Head Office in Chicago.
United Airline is already flying to Africa and the Routes Africa Meeting in Seychelles will provide excellent networking possibilities with the American carrier.
?We joined forces with Routes to organise a conference for airlines of the world looking at Africa and for Africa to showcase themselves to airlines flying to Africa or to those with an interest in Africa.? The response has been overwhelming and we see the coming July meeting as a golden opportunity for all serious partners in the world of aviation and tourism from the Community of Nations to meet and to network? said Alain St.Ange, the Seychelles Minister responsible for Tourism & Culture.
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In this booking photo released early Saturday morning June 23, 2012 by the Centre County Correctional Facility in Bellefonte, Pa., former Penn State University assistant football coach Jerry Sandusky is shown. Sandusky was convicted on Friday, June 22, 2012, of sexually assaulting 10 boys over 15 years Friday, accusations that had sent shock waves through the college campus known as Happy Valley and led to the firing of Penn State's beloved Hall of Fame coach, Joe Paterno.. (AP Photo/Centre County Correctional Facility)
In this booking photo released early Saturday morning June 23, 2012 by the Centre County Correctional Facility in Bellefonte, Pa., former Penn State University assistant football coach Jerry Sandusky is shown. Sandusky was convicted on Friday, June 22, 2012, of sexually assaulting 10 boys over 15 years Friday, accusations that had sent shock waves through the college campus known as Happy Valley and led to the firing of Penn State's beloved Hall of Fame coach, Joe Paterno.. (AP Photo/Centre County Correctional Facility)
Former Penn State University assistant football coach Jerry Sandusky, center, leaves the Centre County Courthouse in custody with Centre County Sheriff Denny Nau, left, after being found guilty of multiple charges of child sexual abuse in Bellefonte, Pa., Friday, June 22, 2012. Sandusky was convicted of sexually assaulting 10 boys over 15 years, accusations that had sent shock waves through the college campus known as Happy Valley and led to the firing of Penn State's beloved Hall of Fame coach, Joe Paterno. (AP Photo/Gene J. Puskar)
In this courtroom sketch, Judge John Cleland, second from left, defendant former Penn State assistant football coach Jerry Sandusky, right, and his lawyer Karl Rominger, second from right, listen at the verdict in Sandusky's child sexual abuse trial is read by the jury foreman at the Centre County Courthouse in Bellefonte, Pa., Friday, June 22, 2012. Sandusky was found guilty of 45 charges of child sexual abuse involving 10 boys over a period of 15 years. (AP Photo/Aggie Kenny)
Former Penn State University assistant football coach Jerry Sandusky, rear, leaves the Centre County Courthouse with a Centre County Sheriff's deputy after being found guilty of multiple charges of child sexual abuse in Bellefonte, Pa., Friday, June 22, 2012. Sandusky was convicted of sexually assaulting 10 boys over 15 years, accusations that had sent shock waves through the college campus known as Happy Valley and led to the firing of Penn State's beloved Hall of Fame coach, Joe Paterno. (AP Photo/Gene J. Puskar)
Jerry Sandusky leaves the Centre County Courthouse Friday, June 22, 2012, after being found guilty in his sexual abuse trial, in Bellefonte, Pa. Sandusky was convicted of sexually assaulting 10 boys over 15 years Friday, accusations that had sent shock waves through the college campus known as Happy Valley and led to the firing of Penn State's beloved Hall of Fame coach, Joe Paterno. (AP Photo/Centre Daily Times, Nabil K. Mark)
BELLEFONTE, Pa. (AP) ? Jerry Sandusky's lawyers said Saturday they asked to resign from his child sex abuse case on the eve of trial but the judge turned them down.
Karl Rominger and Joe Amendola said that as jury selection began they made a sealed motion saying they had not been given enough time to adequately prepare but Judge John Cleland ruled against them after discussion in his chambers.
"We told the trial court, the Superior Court and the Supreme Court we were not prepared to proceed to trial in June due to numerous issues, and we asked to withdraw from the case for those reasons," Amendola said.
Sandusky, a former Penn State assistant football coach, was convicted Friday on dozens of child sexual abuse charges. His lawyers had said a delay was needed because a key member of the defense team had a scheduling conflict and a lengthy grand jury investigation had inundated them with documents and other materials.
Legal experts say the seven months between Sandusky's arrest and trial on such serious charges is a fast pace by Pennsylvania standards.
Rominger also said Saturday that prosecutors told him on June 14, during the trial's first week, that they obtained a tape of the allegations made by adopted son Matt Sandusky that he also was a victim of abuse by Sandusky. Rominger declined to comment on the details of those allegations but said calling him to the stand might have prompted a mistrial.
He said Matt Sandusky had been expected to be an important witness for the defense, and when such a defense witness becomes a prosecution witness, that can result in a mistrial. The Matt Sandusky evidence and potential testimony was why the prosecution's case was held open during a surprising day off from the trial on June 15 and did not rest until Monday, he said.
Rominger said the lawyers did request a mistrial over the playing in court of a videotaped interview of their client by NBC's Bob Costas because it repeated a brief but significant section while Sandusky was speaking. Rominger said the judge denied the mistrial request, ordered it could not be played again and instead provided jurors with a written transcript.
Jurors in the two-week trial convicted Sandusky of 45 of the 48 counts against him. Mandatory minimums mean Sandusky, 68, likely will die in prison.
One of the jurors on Saturday said the credibility of the accusers who testified they were Sandusky's victims solidified the prosecution's case.
"It's hard to judge character on the stand because you don't know these kids," Joshua Harper told NBC's "Today" show. "But most were very credible ? I would say all."
He added: "It was very convincing."
At the State College home of one juror, a retired soil sciences professor, his wife declined to comment. A mile away, a man said another juror, a dance teacher, was tired of discussing the case but might comment if she senses other jurors are speaking about their experiences.
After a swift trial and less than two days of deliberations, the jurors found Sandusky guilty on Friday, drawing raucous cheers from hundreds of onlookers outside the courthouse.
Sandusky's own impassivity as the verdict was read was a confirmation that the jury's decision was the right one, Harper said.
"I looked at him during the reading of the verdict and just the look on his face. No real emotion," he said.
Sandusky appeared to be accepting his fate, Harper said, "because he knew it was true."
The verdict is not the end of the scandal, which took down legendary head coach Joe Paterno and deeply shook the state's most prominent university. It will play out for years in courtrooms and through a set of ongoing investigations.
But the trial did present one piece of finality: Sandusky was taken away in handcuffs to the county jail. Sentencing will be in about three months.
Sandusky is one of 272 inmates at the Centre County Correctional Facility, 7 miles from the Penn State campus, and was kept under watch overnight. Rominger said he planned to visit Sandusky on Sunday.
Like other inmates at the jail, Sandusky was allowed to take a small number of items in with him. The options include six pairs of white underwear, white socks and white undershirts, prescription glasses or contact lenses, a wedding band, religious prayer book, no more than 10 personal photographs and 10 letters and no more than 4 inches of legal documents or materials.
Sandusky will be allowed to shower daily and can get visits from his family, friends and lawyers.
The jail did not say whether anyone had gone to see him Saturday. At his home, his wife and three of their adopted children remained inside after returning there Friday night. The window blinds and curtains were drawn.
For Sandusky, there were only three acquittals among the charges related to 10 victims, eight of whom took the stand to describe fondling, forced oral sex and anal rape. Many of the accusers testified that they had told no one of the abuse, which dated as far back as the mid-1990s.
The accuser known in court papers as Victim 6, whose mother alerted authorities in 1998 after Sandusky took him into a shower, broke down in tears upon hearing the verdicts in the courtroom.
The man, now 25, testified that Sandusky called himself the "tickle monster" in a shower assault. He declined to comment to a reporter afterward. His mother said: "Nobody wins. We've all lost."
One of the three counts for which Sandusky was acquitted concerned Victim 6, an indecent assault charge. The man testified that Sandusky had given him a bear hug in the shower.
The other acquittals were an indecent assault charge related to Victim 5, who said Sandusky fondled him in the shower, and an involuntary deviate sexual intercourse charge regarding Victim 2, the boy graduate assistant Mike McQueary said he saw being attacked in a campus shower.
That charge resulted in an acquittal because McQueary did not see penetration, Harper said. But, Harper said, McQueary made it apparent he saw something "that was wrong and extremely sexual."
"We did not have the evidence that that very first charge happened," Harper said.
Amendola was interrupted by cheers from the crowd on the courthouse steps when he said, "The sentence that Jerry will receive will be a life sentence."
Besides the eight accusers who testified, there were two people for whom prosecutors relied on testimony from a university janitor and McQueary, whose account of a sexual encounter between Sandusky and a boy of about 10 years old ultimately led to Paterno's dismissal and the university president's ouster.
Sandusky did not take the stand in his own defense. Rominger said Saturday that factors behind that decision included the emergence of Matt Sandusky's claims to prosecutors.
The ex-assistant coach had repeatedly denied the allegations, and his defense suggested that his accusers had a financial motive to make up stories. His attorneys also painted him as the victim of overzealous police investigators who coached the accusers.
One accuser testified that Sandusky molested him in the locker room showers and in hotels while trying to ensure his silence with gifts and trips to bowl games. He also said Sandusky had sent him "creepy love letters."
Another spoke of forced oral sex and instances of rape in the basement of Sandusky's home, including abuse that left him bleeding. He said he once tried to scream for help, knowing that Sandusky's wife was upstairs, but figured the basement must be soundproof.
Another, a foster child, said Sandusky warned that he would never see his family again if he told anyone what happened.
Defense witnesses, including Dottie Sandusky, described Sandusky's philanthropic work with children over the years, and many spoke in positive terms about his reputation in the community. Prosecutors had portrayed those efforts as an effective means by which Sandusky could camouflage his molestation as he targeted boys who were the same age as participants in The Second Mile, a charity he founded in the 1970s for at-risk youth.
Sandusky's arrest in November led the Penn State trustees to fire Paterno as head coach, saying he exhibited a lack of leadership after fielding a report from McQueary. The scandal also led to the ouster of university President Graham Spanier and criminal charges against two university administrators accused of perjury and failing to properly report suspected child abuse.
The two administrators, athletic director Tim Curley and now-retired vice president Gary Schultz, are fighting the allegations and await trial.
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By?Ryan Rivera ?-
All exercise has benefits for anxiety, but martial arts can be particularly valuable, especially if you take the activity seriously and do it every day. Some of these benefits include:
Perhaps the greatest effect that martial arts has on anxiety is that it is a tool to give you control over yourself and your surroundings. Those that learn martial arts learn discipline, and that discipline affects more than simply the movements within MA itself. That control allows you to handle your emotions in your day to day life as well, keeping you calm and focused rather than letting your mind and thoughts scatter.
It?s easy to forget how much confidence also affects your ability to control your anxiety. When you?re confident in yourself, then you know that you?ll be able to more easily handle any events that life may throw at you. It?s not always about controlling all of your anxious thoughts. Rather, it?s about experiencing less of a feeling of ?flight? when faced with a stressful situation. Martial arts provides this confidence, so that rarely will you feel there are things you cannot handle.
When you do experience a stressful day, MA is a great way to relieve much of that stress. In a controlled and safe environment, you have an opportunity to release much of that stressful energy. Any aggression you have inside you is used as a tool, rather than a hindrance. You harness it, and allow the energy to fuel your MA sequences and bouts, brining that energy outside of your body so that it isn?t being held back.
Not all anxiety is caused by your thoughts. In fact, in most Americans, one of the leading causes of anxiety is simply excess physical energy. As a result of the mind/body connection, that energy is then turned into anxiety, because your body has no other form of release. Martial arts uses all of your muscles and tires each of them out. Any anxiety caused by excess muscular energy goes away, and you?re left with a calmer body and a calmer mind.
Finally, one of the most often forgotten benefits of MA as an anxiety reduction tool is that you?re always with at least one other person, performing actions that are healthy and productive. With today?s busy and complex lifestyle, this time that you spend surrounded by other people of similar interests is incredibly healthy ? a type of social environment that few people normally have an opportunity to fit into their schedules. It?s a 100% healthy coping strategy that takes your mind off the troubles of the day, and the benefits of that should not be overlooked.
In addition to the benefits outlined above, all forms of exercise also burn stress hormones and increase endorphins ? the body?s natural pain killers. Combine those benefits with all of the advantages outlined above, and you?ll see why MA is such a powerful way to reduce your daily anxiety and stress. As long as you put effort into your martial arts practices, you?ll find that your anxiety melts away.
About the Author: Ryan Rivera has long researched the effects that exercise has on the body, and now writes tools and tips for dealing with anxiety at www.calmclinic.com.